Borzoi

The Borzoi, also known as the Russian Wolfhound, is a breathtaking blend of aristocratic elegance and primal hunting instinct. This sighthound of monumental grace was bred for the singular purpose of coursing wolves on the vast Russian steppes, a history reflected in their powerful, yet aerodynamic, build. With a serene and cat-like demeanor at home and a breathtaking burst of speed in the field, the Borzoi is a study in contrasts. They are not a breed for everyone, but for those who appreciate a quiet, independent, and magnificently beautiful companion, they are without equal.

This comprehensive guide will explore everything a future owner needs to know about the Borzoi to help you decide if this noble and enigmatic hound is the right fit for your home.

Breed Overview

• Group: Hound
• Height: 28 inches minimum at the shoulder for males, 26 inches for females (often taller)
• Weight: 75 – 105 pounds (males are typically heavier)
• Life Span: 9 – 14 years
• Coat: Silky and flat, often wavy or showing large, curly rings. It is a combination of a soft, wooly undercoat and a longer, silky topcoat. The coat is shorter on the head, ears, and front of legs, with magnificent feathering on the neck, chest, hindquarters, and tail. All colors and patterns are found.

A Brief History: The Courser of the Russian Aristocracy
The Borzoi’s history is one of czars and nobility. Developed in Russia from as early as the 1600s, they were the prized possessions of the aristocracy, who staged elaborate and spectacular wolf-hunting events. The breed was refined through crosses with other sighthounds and a now-extinct coated Russian bearhound. Their name comes from the Russian word “borzyi,” meaning “swift.” They were bred not to kill the wolf alone, but to work in a silent trio to course, catch, and hold the wolf until the hunter arrived. The Russian Revolution nearly decimated the breed, but specimens previously gifted to royalty in Europe ensured its survival.

The Borzoi Temperament: The Silent Sovereign
The Borzoi’s personality is a blend of quiet dignity, deep affection for their family, and a strong, independent spirit. They are known for their calm and sensitive nature.

• Calm & Quiet Indoors: Borzoi are renowned for their “couch potato” nature inside the home. They are often described as cat-like, enjoying long naps on soft furniture and moving with a quiet, deliberate grace. They are not barkers.
• Reserved & Aloof: They are typically aloof and discerning with strangers, often observing new people with a quiet, analytical gaze. They are not golden retrievers; their affection is earned and reserved for their inner circle.
• Affectionate with Family: With their own family, they are deeply loyal and gentle. They form strong bonds and enjoy quiet companionship, though they are not typically “in-your-face” dogs.
• Independent & Intelligent: Bred to make split-second decisions while coursing, they are intelligent and independent thinkers. This can translate to stubbornness and a low tolerance for repetitive training.
• Strong Prey Drive: This is their most powerful instinct. Anything small and furry that runs will trigger an immediate, silent, and lightning-fast chase. This drive is non-negotiable and must be managed for their entire life.

Caring for Your Borzoi

Exercise: Controlled Sprints are Key
Despite their size, adult Borzoi have moderate exercise needs, but they have a specific requirement for safe, high-speed running.

• Daily Requirements: Several short, leashed walks and the opportunity for a safe, off-leash gallop in a securely fenced area several times a week. They are built for explosive speed, not endurance jogging.
• The Secure Fence: This is non-negotiable. A Borzoi’s chase instinct will override any recall command. The fence must be tall (at least 5-6 feet) and secure, as they are powerful jumpers.
• Puppy Precautions: Exercise must be strictly controlled during their rapid growth phase (up to about 18 months) to protect developing joints. Avoid forced running on hard surfaces.

Grooming: A Significant Commitment
Their beautiful, silky coat requires consistent upkeep to prevent mats and tangles.

• Coat Care: Requires brushing 2-3 times per week with a pin brush and a long-toothed metal comb to work through the long hair and prevent mats, especially behind the ears, in the “pants” (hindquarters), and on the chest.
• The “Blow”: They shed their dense undercoat heavily once or twice a year. During this time, daily brushing is essential to manage the profuse shedding.
• Other Needs: Regular nail trimming, ear cleaning, and dental care.

Training: Patience, Positive Reinforcement, and Understanding
Training a Borzoi requires a unique approach that respects their intelligence and independence.

• Start Early: Socialization is critical to build a confident, well-adjusted dog that is comfortable in the world. Expose them gently to a variety of sights, sounds, and surfaces.
• Use Positive Reinforcement: They are sensitive souls who are motivated by tasty treats and praise. Harsh corrections or repetitive drills will cause them to disengage completely. Keep training sessions short and fun.
• Focus on Key Skills: A reliable recall is the ultimate challenge and should only be practiced in securely enclosed areas. Focus instead on crucial life skills like loose-leash walking, a solid “leave it,” and a reliable “stay.”
• Manage the Prey Drive: Understand that this instinct is hardwired. Training can manage it, but it will never eliminate it. Always be vigilant on leashed walks.

Health: What to Be Aware Of
Like many large, deep-chested breeds, the Borzoi is prone to certain health conditions.

• Bloat (Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus): A LIFE-THREATENING emergency. Know the symptoms and prevention methods. A preventative gastropexy is highly recommended.
• Heart Conditions: Such as Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) and other cardiac issues.
• Thyroid Problems: Hypothyroidism is relatively common in the breed.
• Orthopedic Issues: Hip and Elbow Dysplasia can occur, as can Osteosarcoma (bone cancer).
• Sensitivity to Anesthesia: Due to their low body fat, they require protocols specific to sighthounds.

Is a Borzoi Right For You?

A Borzoi might be your perfect match if you:

• Appreciate a calm, quiet, and graceful indoor companion.
• Have a secure, large, and tall-fenced yard.
• Are a patient, gentle owner who doesn’t need constant, effusive affection.
• Understand and can manage a powerful prey drive.
• Value a dog’s independent nature.

You must reconsider if you:

• Do not have a tall, secure fence.
• Want a highly obedient, eager-to-please dog for competitive obedience.
• Have cats or small dogs (their prey drive may make cohabitation risky).
• Are a first-time dog owner.
• Want a dog that is immediately friendly with all strangers.
• Are unprepared for significant grooming, especially during seasonal sheds.

Finding Your Borzoi

• Reputable Breeders: Choose a breeder who is a member of the Borzoi Club of America (or your national club) and who prioritizes health, temperament, and sound structure. They should perform all recommended health tests on their breeding stock (cardiac, thyroid, hips) and be a valuable resource for the life of your dog.
• Rescue & Shelters: Breed-specific rescues for Borzoi and other sighthounds exist. Adopting an adult can be a wonderful way to provide a second chance to a noble dog.
• Understanding the Cost: The initial purchase price from a reputable breeder is typically $1,800 – $3,000+. The real cost is in ongoing expenses: large amounts of high-quality food, professional grooming tools, giant-sized supplies, and potential veterinary care.

Bringing a Borzoi into your life means welcoming a living piece of art and a serene, loyal spirit. In return for your provision of a safe space to run, your patient understanding of their nature, and your commitment to their grooming needs, you will be graced with the noble and gentle companionship of one of the dog world’s most breathtaking and enigmatic sovereigns.